diff --git a/src/hooks/useDashboardData.ts b/src/hooks/useDashboardData.ts
index ce25eb9..5661be2 100644
--- a/src/hooks/useDashboardData.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/useDashboardData.ts
@@ -47,7 +47,8 @@ export function useDashboardData<T = ProductionPlan | WashingPlan>({
       purchaserApi.dashboardStats(),
       purchaserApi.listPlans(),
     ]);
-    const plans = (plansRes.data?.plans || []) as unknown as T[];
+    const rawData = plansRes.data;
+    const plans = (Array.isArray(rawData) ? rawData : (rawData?.plans || [])) as unknown as T[];
     const stats: DashboardStats = {
       all: statsData.total_plans ?? 0,
       producing: statsData.producing_plans ?? 0,
diff --git a/src/pages/purchaser/Dashboard.tsx b/src/pages/purchaser/Dashboard.tsx
index 1d92c3f..d331076 100644
--- a/src/pages/purchaser/Dashboard.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/purchaser/Dashboard.tsx
@@ -89,7 +89,9 @@ export function PurchaserDashboard() {
   const fetchPlans = async () => {
     try {
       const res = await purchaserApi.listPlans();
-      const allPlans = res.data?.plans || [];
+      // API may return {plans: [...]} object or plain array
+      const rawData = res.data;
+      const allPlans = Array.isArray(rawData) ? rawData : (rawData?.plans || []);
 
       const filteredPlans = allPlans.filter(p =>
         !p.process_steps?.some(s => s.status === STEP_STATUS.REJECTED)